Simulating Diurnal Variations of Water Temperature and Dissolved Oxygen in Shallow Minnesota Lakes
نویسندگان
چکیده
In shallow lakes, water quality is mostly affected by weather conditions and some ecological processes which vary throughout the day. To understand model diurnal-nocturnal variations, a deterministic, one-dimensional hourly lake MINLAKE2018 was modified from daily MINLAKE2012, applied to five lakes in Minnesota simulate temperature dissolved oxygen (DO) over multiple years. A maximum diurnal variation of 11.40 °C DO 5.63 mg/L were simulated. The root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) simulated surface temperatures range 1.19 1.95 when compared with data 4–8 RMSEs simulations decreased 17.3% 18.2%, respectively, Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency increased 10.3% 66.7%, respectively; indicating performs better comparison MINLAKE2012. uses variable wind speeds determine turbulent diffusion coefficient epilimnion produces more hours stratification including that lasted several on days. includes direct solar radiation heating bottom sediment decreases magnitude heat flux or sediment.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Water
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['2073-4441']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/w13141980